Which of the following substances is used as antiknock compound

Asked by admin @ 02/08/2021 in Chemistry viewed by 310 People

Organic compound used as antiknock agent in petroleum is

Answered by admin @ 02/08/2021

Answer: Tetra ethyl lead (TEL)

Petroleum is used as a fuel in engines of many vehicles.

And the engines usually used are called Internal Combustion Engines.

In an Internal Combustion, the mixture of petrol and air is compressed by pistons, and an electric spark ignites the compressed mixture, resulting in systematic combustion.

The energy released pushes the piston backwards, and this mechanical energy is forwarded to the wheels, which makes the vehicle move.

Now, sometimes, when the mixture of air and petrol is compressed, it combusts before the electric spark reaches it.

[The spark was supposed to combust the mixture. But it combusted before that]

This abnormal combustion produces a specific type of sound, which we call knocking.

Knocking has adverse effects. It results in early wear-and-tear of the piston. Carbon is deposited in the inner part of the cylinders [Internal Combustion Engines have cylinders, inside which pistons move]. Also, Efficiency is reduced.

So we want to reduce knocking. We add something which can reduce it. Such substances are called Anti-knocking Agents.

A popular anti-knocking agent was Tetra Ethyl Lead (TEL). The general information about TEL is as follows:

Name -> Tetraethyllead
IUPAC Name -> Tetraethylplumbane
Formula -> $(C_2H_5)_4Pb$

A Lead Atom (Pb) is at the center. And four ethyl $(C_2H_5-)$ groups are attached to it.

TEL was added to petrol in small amounts to reduce knocking. But Lead used to get deposited in the cylinder.

So to counteract this, other substances like Diethyl dichloride or Diethyl dibromide were also added. [By this, Lead used to escape in the combustion mixture as Lead Chloride or Lead Bromide]

But then, this Lead in the atmosphere posed a serious Health Concern. It caused Lead Poisoning, and it can reduce the Average IQ Level of a person too.

Due to too many health hazards, TEL has been officially banned now in most countries of the world.

Which of the following substances is used as antiknock compound

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